Sinus hole On EarISPUB.com Internet Scientific Publications Original ArticleA Adeyemo, G Ijaduola preauricular, Sinus, sociocultural beliefAdeyemo, G Ijaduola. Sociocultural beliefs in the management of the preauricular sinus. The Internet Journal of Head and Neck Surgery. 2006 Volume 1 Number 2. Background: Preauricular sinuses (PS) are usually asymptomatic but recurrent infections may occur. Sociocultural beliefs seem to affect their management. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of sociocultural beliefs on PS management. Method: PS cases were evaluated at the ENT clinic at the Ibadan University Hospital between January 2001 and December 2005 for demographic data, social class, clinical profile, treatment modalities and cultural beliefs. Results: There were 10 males and 6 females aged between 1.5 years and 45 years. Symptoms ranged from 4 days to 10 years. Twelve (75%) patients were in social classes III-V. All patients had recurrent preauricular inflammation and received symptomatic relief with antibiotics. Only one patient had split. Patients who believed in PS's supernatural powers rejected surgery. Conclusion: The importance of sociocultural belief is shown in the refusal of surgery due to the hope in the PS myth that guides wealth. IntroductionThe preauricular sinus also called preauricular phistula, preauricular fistula, is a congenital benign malformation. The first report published was in 18641. The incidence in some areas of Africa was estimated at 4-10% 2. Usually asymptomatic, it is observed during the routine examination of the ear, nose and throat, although it may present as an infected and unloading breast. The theories of origin of the preauricular sinus include: defective or incomplete fusion of the six atrial hills 3; incomplete closure relics of the dorsal part of the first lightning slot 4, 5; and development of isolated ectodermal folds during the atrial development 6. It has been suggested that preauricular sinus are markers of teratogenous exposure 7. The management of the infected preauricular sinus involves the administration of appropriate antibiotics and the incision and drainage when an abscess is presented 8. Among the South-West Nigerian Yoruba there is a widespread belief that the presence of pre-auricular breast in an individual will confer supernatural abilities to enrich himself. MethodsThe study was based on the cases presented with preauricular breast detachable between January 2001 and December 2005 in the clinic of patients outside the department of the ENT of the University Hospital of Ibadan, only patients belonging to the tribal group of Yoruba were included in the study population. The information requested was: age, sex, history/physical objectives and cultural beliefs. The socio-economic class was determined on the basis of the occupation and educational attainment of the patient or parents 9.Results A total of 16 patients with symptomatic preauricular sinus were registered in the study. The age of patients varies between 1.5 years and 45 years (the average age is 19.3 years, the average age is 20.5 years). There were 10(62.5%) men and 6(37.5%) women. The duration of the symptoms varies between 4 days and 10 years (the average duration was 3.2 years, while the median was 2 years). Twelve patients were in social classes III to V. The fistulas were also located on the right and left side. 2(12.5%) patients had bilateral preauricular breasts. All patients with fistulas who had become symptomatic. Everyone had tenderness about sin. Bacterial organisms were isolated in 2(12.5%) cases. The identified species was Staphylococcus aureus. Five (31%) patients symptomatically improved with antibiotics, 3(18%) had incision and drainage, while 1 (6.25%) patient had surgical excision; others were handled with the daily deposit with Eusol/honey. DiscussionThe 12.5 per cent of patients had a bilateral sinusal. The corresponding figures in the literature range from 17% to 47% 10, 11, 12. 87.5% of the cases observed were unilateral compared to more than 50% reported by W.O'Mara and L. Garisco 13. L.J. Paulozzi and J.M. Lary 14 reported that the preauricular sinus was more common in the right but right and left affectation were the same in our study. The most common complaint was recurrent preauricular inflammation (100%). This is similar to what was documented by Emery and Salaman 15. A download was observed in more than 93% compared to what Maik et al. reported 16. Pain is present in all cases. Other symptoms include: ear itching (6%), fever (25%), and tinnitus (12%). Two (12%) patients had hearing loss. Preauricular sinus has been described as part of several syndromes that include hearing loss 17, 18. Two patients had associated average otitis. The identified pathogen causing the infection was the Staphylococcal species 8, 19. In our patients we only find aureus Staphylococcal. It should be noted that many patients have used several antibiotics purchased at the counter before presenting them at the hospital. Cultural beliefs It has been shown that, despite the availability of health services, certain specific sociocultural beliefs and non-health-related beliefs can influence the behaviour of the population seeking health. Health services may be underutilized and health instructions ignored in societies where people's cultural beliefs contradict the knowledge transmitted to them. 20, 21 Ethiopians believe that health is a balance between the body and the environment. They believe the blowing winds cause pain wherever they hit and the excess exposure to the sun leads to skin disease. Sexually transmitted disease is attributed to urinating under full moon 22. Among Chinese women there is a belief that the diet is responsible for breast cancer and its recurrence.21 Women in Southeast Asia from Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos practice dermabrasion therapy to treat a variety of diseases23. Duruma mothers in rural Kenya practice exorcism to cure their sick children.24 In the land of Yoruba, Nigeria, the healing measures adopted by a mother for measles, diarrhea and fever may depend on whether the sick child is believed to be an "abiku" (special children who have come from the spiritual world and may die at will unless certain rituals are performed) or no.20. Non-adoption of modern healing measures cannot be attributed only to poverty, but to the cultural and social determinants of behaviour.25 Several authors have emphasized the need to consider people ' s cultural beliefs and practices in designing measures to improve their health26, 27. The need for health planners to understand the culture of their population arises from the fact that the measurement of disease and behavioral responses to the disease are basic factors that influence the reaction of public health programmes.26 All patients in the study group received symptomatic relief with antibiotics, although all patients were programmed for surgery as a definitive treatment modality 19only 1 patient accepted the surgical excision despite the recurrent nature of the symptoms and appropriate counseling. This can be explained on the basis of the beliefs among the population about the supernatural abilities of the preauricular breasts to confer wealth. This belief is strong in both sexes. Breast split in surgery will steal these skills. Patients avoid hospitals after receiving any relief. It appears from our study that the symptomatic preauricular synod is more common among the lower social classes. These categories of people are also more likely to cling to myths about wealth. The possibility of associated anomalies should not be overlooked as this will allow the patient to be optimized. Conclusion Sociocultural beliefs alter the way of life of humans. The importance of sociocultural belief in the surgical management of this disease is shown in the failure of all those who believe in the power of the presence of preauricular sinus to enrich the surgery agreement. The only patient who did not share the belief readily accepted for surgical excision. It is therefore important that health educators be encouraged to reach people to receive the maximum benefits of various treatment options available for any disease. Correspondence toDr. AA Adeyemo Department of Otolaryngology, University College Hospital, P.M.B. 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria. adebolajo@yahoo.com +234 803 717 2329ReferencesAuthor Information Adeyemo, FWACS Department of Otolaryngology, University College Hospital Gbolagunte Ijaduola, Ph.D. Department of Otolaryngology, University College Hospital Your free access to ISPUB is funded by the following ads: © 2013 Internet Scientific Publications, LLC. All rights reserved. Log in to theLoginPaswordRemember me on Facebook's social network, to create a profile in BusinessPress
/ ForumsConfesional BlogsHelp preauricular breasts (holes at the top of the ears) and psychic abilities? Discussion on '' initiated by , . Stalking Laurie Strode's ass since 1978 I was born with one of these in my left ear and my mother also has a hole in every ear and said she was born with a veil on her face and was connected by her holes. She says they told her she gives you "special powers" but she and I are confused about what that means. I was hoping one of my psychic sisters in the LSA could help me break the mystery. Old money Surprised to see something made a thread about this. I heard something similar when I was about 10 years old from my aunt neighbor. He had a grandson who had the holes in both ears at the top and said he could see spirits around his house. Stalking Laurie Strode's ass since 1978 Mr. Channcellor said: Surprised to see something made a thread about this. I heard something similar when I was about 10 years old from my aunt neighbor. He had a grandson who had the holes in both ears at the top and said he could see spirits around his house. Click to enlarge... My mother said she'd seen a couple of spirits before. I've never seen a spirit before in my life, but I feel certain things and energies of other people around me and I'm quite intuitive. Surprised to see something made a thread about this. I heard something similar when I was about 10 years old from my aunt neighbor. He had a grandson who had the holes in both ears at the top and said he could see spirits around his house. Click to enlarge... Obeah Woman The veil through the face refers to a caul. As it is so rare, many cultures have interpreted it as a gift. These cultures believe it is a sign that the child has the ability to pass through dimensions and see and communicate with spirits. Share This page Middle Sidebar New culture Latest news Alley Threads Sovrn Guest Widget Latest Celeb Alley Threads Latest lounge loaves Latest recommendations Alley Threads Adtech Sidebar Latest general street loaves Sovrn Sidebar I guess you were working on technology, military or law enforcement. , Yeah. , Yb had kay beat in yaya. idk what kind of connection you call that. If anything gets excited to break the daughter of your sportsman from fame to its lowest point. That man... , This is going to be a long process! , He had the face/body to have been playing hs roles all this time It's better to become smart/recursor because music is what it is. , Although this is what we expected. .. We: [IMG] Liz: [IMG] , That's what I don't understand. Besides, the whole thing about Naja that I don't have tbh. Naja is a pretty girl, don't get me wrong. But HZ did a lot, paying for all her flights and... , It didn't work because we never locked up. , You might have to whip his ass and hit the sales button. Do you know his password? , I'm not seeing, but I'm sure the conservatives will love the show. ,
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This one is a little different. I was born with a hole in my ear (and not my ear canal either) and every day i have to squeeze it out. : popping
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